Precise meaning of initial 'h' when using -ii

Brian J. Murrell brian at interlinx.bc.ca
Thu Jan 29 18:16:56 UTC 2026


Hello.

I am using rsync with --hard-links and -ii and want to get some
clarification on what the initial 'h' in the output means.

For example:

# rsync -naiiSPAHX --link-dest=/.snapshots/daily.9/jenny/ ../daily.9/jenny/ jenny
sending incremental file list
hf          home/jennifer/.gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-1009839767

I'm interpreting that to mean a hard link is being created.  Is that
correct?

But if I inspect the source and destination, the hard link already
exists:


# pwd
/.snapshots/daily.8
# ls -li ../daily.{9,8}/jenny/home/jennifer/.gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-1009839767                                                                    
104079794 -rw-------. 12276 jennifer jennifer 218510 May 25  2021 ../daily.8/jenny/home/jennifer/.gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-1009839767                                    
104079794 -rw-------. 12276 jennifer jennifer 218510 May 25  2021 ../daily.9/jenny/home/jennifer/.gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-1009839767                                    

So is my understanding of that:

hf          home/jennifer/.gnome2/keyrings/login.keyring.temp-
1009839767

line incorrect?

Cheers,
b.






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